Bank regulation
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We include updates on Federal Reserve, Fair Credit Reporting Act, Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, Know your customer, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Too big to fail, Basel III, Glass–Steagall legislation, Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act, McCulloch v. Maryland, Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, Politically exposed person, Federal Reserve Act, Equal Credit Opportunity Act, BCBS 239, Truth in Lending Act ... and more.
January 20 2025 |
United States as a tax haven
President Donald Trump withdrew the United States from the Global minimum corporate tax rate.
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2024 |
United States as a tax haven
Wyoming became the state with the most corporate registrations per capita.
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June 2024 |
Basel III
PwC study projected Basel III Endgame requirements would reduce U.S. economic growth by 56 basis points, affecting bank shareholders, consumers, and businesses.
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2023 | The Federal Reserve began facilitating instant payments through the new FedNow service, expanding its retail payment system capabilities. |
2023 | The Federal Reserve reported a net negative income of $114.3 billion, creating a deferred asset liability of $133.3 billion on its balance sheet. |
June 2023 |
Too big to fail
UBS completed the acquisition of Credit Suisse, marking the first failure of a 'too big to fail' bank since the Global Financial Crisis. The acquisition was facilitated by the Swiss government to prevent Credit Suisse's collapse during the 2023 banking crisis.
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2022 | The Federal Reserve initiated quantitative tightening (QT), beginning to sell assets and potentially taking losses in the secondary bond market. |
2022 | Diane C. Swonk, chief economist and advisor to the Federal Reserve, Congressional Budget Office, and Council of Economic Advisers, provided a notable commentary comparing inflation to cancer, emphasizing the importance of addressing economic challenges proactively. |
2021 | The Federal Reserve publicly explained the implementation of its monetary policy, detailing how changes in the federal funds rate target can influence overall financial conditions, including market interest rates, asset prices, and currency exchange rates. |
October 2021 |
United States as a tax haven
The Pandora Papers were released, exposing details of non-U.S. figures using U.S. tax haven services, including 35 world leaders, over 100 billionaires, celebrities, and business leaders.
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March 31 2021 |
Basel III
Temporary COVID-19 pandemic leverage ratio calculation modification for financial institutions with over $250 billion in consolidated assets ended, restoring original calculation methodology.
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March 31 2021 | The Primary Dealer Credit Facility (PDCF) ceased extending credit, marking the end of this overnight loan facility designed to support primary dealers and enhance financial market functioning. |
2020 | The Bureau of Engraving and Printing delivered 57.95 billion notes at an average cost of 7.4 cents per note during the Fiscal Year. |
April 2020 |
Basel III
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, financial institutions with over $250 billion in consolidated assets were temporarily allowed to exclude U.S. Treasury securities and Federal Reserve Bank deposits from leverage ratio calculations.
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March 2020 | The Federal Reserve set the reserve ratio to zero for all banks, effectively eliminating the reserve requirement and marking a significant change in monetary policy tools. |
2019 |
Basel III
Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) comes into full effect, requiring banks to maintain a 100% LCR to ensure they have sufficient high-quality liquid assets to survive a 30-day stress scenario.
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2019 |
Basel III
Michael Burry criticized Basel III, arguing that the accord effectively removed price discovery from credit markets, preventing accurate risk pricing in interest rates.
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2019 |
Basel III
Conservation buffer was fully implemented as part of the Basel III regulatory framework, requiring banks to maintain additional capital reserves to improve their financial resilience.
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2019 |
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
Wells-Fargo began offering higher deposit rates to government lenders, which helped them manage the liquid coverage ratio requirements mandated by the Dodd-Frank Act.
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2019 |
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
A study revealed that shifting oversight of non-exempt investment advisers with less than $100 million in assets to state regulators increased misconduct by 30-40%, particularly in areas with less sophisticated clients and less regulatory enforcement capacity.
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2018 |
Basel III
New rules for interest rate risk in the banking book became effective, requiring banks to calculate their exposures based on 'economic value of equity' (EVE) under prescribed interest rate shock scenarios.
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2018 |
Basel III
A framework for limiting large exposure to external and internal counterparties was implemented globally as part of the Basel III regulatory standards.
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2018 |
Basel III
A revised securitisation framework was implemented to address shortcomings in the Basel II securitisation framework and strengthen capital standards for securitisations held on bank balance sheets.
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2018 |
Basel III
Introduction of the Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR), a key liquidity requirement in the Basel III banking regulatory framework.
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2018 |
Basel III
The leverage ratio became a mandatory requirement as part of the Basel III banking regulations, strengthening banks' capital adequacy and risk management standards.
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May 22 2018 |
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
The partial repeal law passed in the House of Representatives.
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2017 |
Basel III
Basel III: Finalising post-crisis reforms (Basel 3.1 or Basel III Endgame) was introduced.
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December 2017 |
Basel III
Implementation of the market risk framework was delayed from 2019 to 2022, with further extensions to the Basel III reforms and Pillar 3 disclosure requirements.
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August 2017 |
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
Federal Reserve Chairwoman Janet Yellen affirms that core reforms in Dodd-Frank have substantially improved financial system resilience without unduly limiting credit availability or economic growth.
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June 9 2017 |
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
The Financial Choice Act, which would undo significant parts of Dodd-Frank, passed the House with a vote of 233–186.
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February 10 2017 | Daniel Tarullo submitted his resignation from the Federal Reserve Board, effective on or around April 5, 2017. |
2016 |
Too big to fail
George Osborne concludes his tenure as Chancellor of the Exchequer, having spent years advocating for stricter regulation and potential breakup of systemically important banks.
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March 11 2016 |
Basel III
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision released the second of three proposals on public disclosure of regulatory metrics, requiring more granular disclosures on market risk for banking institutions.
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August 2015 |
United States as a tax haven
Delaware Division of Corporations noted the increasing popularity of LLCs due to their ease of operation and oversight.
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July 2015 | President Obama nominated University of Michigan economist Kathryn M. Dominguez to fill a vacancy on the Federal Reserve Board. |
January 2015 | President Obama nominated Allan R. Landon, former president and CEO of the Bank of Hawaii, to the Federal Reserve Board. |
2014 |
United States as a tax haven
Over 1.1 million legal entities were incorporated in Delaware, with more than 70% being Limited Liability Companies (LLCs).
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2014 |
Too big to fail
The International Monetary Fund assessed that the 'too big to fail' problem had still not been effectively resolved, despite new regulatory measures for systemically important banks.
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April 2014 | Jeremy C. Stein announced he was leaving the Federal Reserve Board to return to Harvard, effective May 28, with four years remaining on his term. |
April 15 2014 |
Basel III
The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision released the final version of the 'Supervisory Framework for Measuring and Controlling Large Exposures' (SFLE), building on previous guidance about credit exposure concentrations.
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March 2014 | Federal Reserve reported an increase in the net worth of U.S. households and nonprofit organizations to $95.5 trillion at the end of the first quarter. |
January 6 2014 | Janet Yellen was confirmed as the first woman to chair the Federal Reserve Board of Governors. |
2013 |
Basel III
Publication of the Fundamental Review of the Trading Book (FRTB) began, with subsequent revisions through 2019.
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2013 |
Too big to fail
Senators John McCain and Elizabeth Warren proposed reinstating the Glass–Steagall Act, which had been effectively repealed in 1999.
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2013 |
Too big to fail
Mervyn King concludes his tenure as governor of the Bank of England, having consistently argued against large banks combining retail and investment banking activities due to implicit state guarantees.
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November 2013 |
Too big to fail
Moody's credit rating agency announced it would no longer assume the eight largest U.S. banks would receive government support in the event of bankruptcy.
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November 2013 |
Too big to fail
Fed Chair Ben Bernanke drew parallels between the 2008 financial crisis and the Panic of 1907, highlighting systemic financial vulnerabilities.
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November 22 2013 |
Too big to fail
Kareem Serageldin pleaded guilty to inflating mortgage bond values and was sentenced to two and a half years in prison, becoming the only Wall Street executive prosecuted as a result of the financial crisis.
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This contents of the box above is based on material from the Wikipedia articles Federal Reserve, Basel III, Too big to fail, Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act & United States as a tax haven, which are released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.