Antimicrobial resistance
Resistance of microbes to drugs directed against them
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| 2024 | The World Health Organization published the 2024 Bacterial Priority Pathogens List, covering 15 families of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens and highlighting key resistant organisms. |
| 2024 | WHO releases a report finding that vaccines against 24 pathogens could reduce antibiotic usage by 22% (2.5 billion defined daily doses) globally every year, with potential to save a third of hospital costs associated with Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). |
| 2024 | The Uppsala University's bacterial monitoring method was awarded the 8M£ Longitude Prize on AMR, recognizing its innovative approach to rapid bacterial analysis. |
| September 26 2024 | At the 79th United Nations General Assembly High-Level Meeting on AMR, world leaders approved a political declaration committing to reduce human deaths associated with bacterial AMR by 10% by 2030. |
| 2023 | The PASTEUR Act gained momentum in Congress, proposing a subscription-based payment model to incentivize the development of new antimicrobial drugs and support antimicrobial stewardship programs. |
| 2023 | The U.S. government released the National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (CARB) 2023-2028, which outlines strategic objectives for reducing antibiotic-resistant infections, advancing infection prevention, and accelerating research on new antibiotics. |
| 2023 | CDC released a report on Antibiotic Resistance Threats, revealing over 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur annually in the U.S., causing at least 35,000 deaths. |
| 2023 | CDC expanded the Get Ahead of Sepsis campaign to raise awareness about antimicrobial resistance, focusing on promoting judicious antibiotic use in healthcare and community settings. |
| 2022 | Genomic epidemiologists conducted a global survey of antimicrobial resistance using wastewater-based epidemiology, revealing significant regional variations in resistance patterns and demonstrating that resistance genes can be transferred between distantly related microbial species. |
| January 28 2022 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
The new Veterinary Medicines Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2019/6) is set to come into effect, further limiting antibiotic use in livestock.
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| 2021 | CDC report identified a sharp increase in healthcare-associated infections caused by resistant pathogens in COVID-19 patients, highlighting the pandemic's impact on antimicrobial resistance. |
| 2020 | Target year for achieving key goals in the National Action Plan, including: establishing antimicrobial programs in acute care hospitals, reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions by 50% in outpatient and 20% in inpatient settings, establishing State Antibiotic Resistance Prevention Programs in all 50 states, and eliminating the use of medically important antibiotics for growth promotion in food-producing animals. |
| 2020 | The World Health Organization (WHO) published annual data on international Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) through the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) reports, which included an interactive dashboard for tracking global AMR trends. |
| 2020 | During the early waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, increased antibiotic use potentially exacerbated the global antimicrobial resistance challenge. |
| 2019 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
World Health Organization (WHO) published the 6th revision of 'Critically Important Antimicrobials for Human Medicine', identifying Highest Priority Critically Important Antimicrobials including 3rd, 4th and 5th generation cephalosporins, glycopeptides, macrolides, ketolides, polymyxins, and quinolones.
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| 2019 | The United Kingdom began a 5-year action plan on antimicrobial resistance, running from 2019 to 2024, building on the previous action plan (2013-2018). |
| 2019 | In the United States, deaths from antibiotic-resistant infections decreased by 18% overall, with hospital deaths decreasing by 30%. |
| 2019 | CDC reports deaths from antibiotic-resistant infections decreased by 18% overall, with hospital deaths decreasing by 30%. |
| 2019 | Six key pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were responsible for 929,000 deaths directly attributable to antibiotic resistance and 3.57 million deaths associated with resistance. |
| 2019 | 133,000 deaths were caused by Antimicrobial Resistance in Europe. |
| 2019 | World Health Organization estimated that bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) was directly responsible for 1.27 million global deaths and contributed to 4.95 million deaths. |
| April 2019 | The IACG released a report highlighting the seriousness of antimicrobial resistance and proposing five recommendations for member states to address the global threat. |
| 2018 | Public Health England reports total antibiotic resistant infections rose to 60,788, a 9% increase from 2017. |
| 2018 | Antibiotic consumption in England fell to 18.2 defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants per day, a 9% reduction from 2014. |
| 2018 | The 'Interagency Coordination Group on Antimicrobial Resistance' highlighted the critical link between unsafe water and increased antibiotic demand, particularly in developing countries. |
| 2018 | WHO identified antibiotic resistance as one of the biggest threats to global health, food security, and development. |
| October 2018 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
HSBC released a report warning about the potentially 'devastating' consequences of antibiotic use in meat production, highlighting economic incentives for continued high antibiotic usage in dairy and meat production in Asia and the Americas.
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| June 13 2018 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
An agreement on a new regulation for veterinary medicinal products was confirmed between the Council of the European Union and the European Parliament.
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| 2017 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
Global antibiotic usage for food production reached 73% of total antibiotic sales worldwide.
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| 2017 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of People's Republic of China published 'The National Action Plan on Controlling Antibiotic-Resistance Bacteria on Animal Origins (2016–2020)', a comprehensive plan integrated with the one health concept.
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| 2017 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
Electronic Medicine Book for pigs (eMB-Pigs) was launched by Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board to track and quantify medicine use.
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| 2017 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended reducing antibiotic use in farm animals, suggesting restrictions on antibiotics used for growth promotion and on healthy animals to mitigate the increasing risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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| 2017 | Scientists from Uppsala University in Sweden published a microfluidics and cell tracking method to monitor bacterial response to antibiotics in less than 30 minutes, a significant advancement in rapid diagnostic techniques for antimicrobial resistance. |
| 2017 | Public Health England reports 55,812 antibiotic resistant infections in England. |
| November 2017 | FAO, WHO, and World Organisation for Animal Health jointly called for responsible antibiotic use in humans and animals to reduce antibiotic resistance during World Antibiotic Awareness Week. |
| October 2017 | The Irish Department of Health published a National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance. |
| January 1 2017 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
New FDA guidelines went into effect, prohibiting antibiotics important for human medicine from being used for growth promotion in food animals, and reclassifying some drugs from Over the Counter to Veterinary Feed Directive.
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| 2016 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
The UK pig sector established a stewardship programme through the National Pig Association. Poultry meat sector also stopped using colistin antibiotics.
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| 2016 | U.S. President Barack Obama proposed nearly doubling federal funding to combat and prevent antibiotic resistance, increasing the budget to more than $1.2 billion. |
| 2016 | The United Nations Secretary-General convened the Interagency Coordination Group (IACG) on Antimicrobial Resistance to create an international plan to combat antimicrobial resistance. |
| 2015 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
The FDA approved a new Veterinary Feed Directive (VFD) with updated guidelines for drug administration in animal feed and water. Perdue reported 52% of its chickens were raised without antibiotics.
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| 2015 | WHO and UNICEF conducted a global assessment revealing significant infrastructure gaps in health facilities: 38% without water sources, 19% without toilets, and 35% lacking proper hand hygiene facilities. |
| 2015 | The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control reported 671,689 infections in the EU and European Economic Area caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, resulting in 33,110 deaths, mostly acquired in healthcare settings. |
| November 16 2015 | The World Health Organization launched the first World Antibiotic Awareness Week, aimed at increasing global awareness of antibiotic resistance and promoting correct antibiotic usage. |
| June 2015 |
Antimicrobial resistance in Australia
Australian Government released the first National Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy 2015-2019, collaboratively developed by the Department of Health and Department of Agriculture and Water Resources to address the threat of antimicrobial resistance across human health, animal health, agriculture, and food sectors.
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| May 2015 | The World Health Assembly endorsed a global action plan to tackle the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance, with key objectives including improving awareness, strengthening knowledge, reducing infection incidence, optimizing antimicrobial medicine use, and developing economic strategies. |
| March 27 2015 | The White House released a comprehensive National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, developed by the Task Force for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria to provide a five-year roadmap for preventing and containing antibiotic-resistant infections. |
| 2014 |
Antibiotic use in livestock
Perdue phased out ionophores from its hatchery and began using 'antibiotic free' labels on some products.
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| 2014 | Beginning of a period where antibiotic consumption in England started declining, measured at 20.0 defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants per day. |
| 2014 | Starting point for tracking antibiotic consumption in England, which was 20.0 defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants per day. |
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This contents of the box above is based on material from the Wikipedia articles Antibiotic use in livestock, Antimicrobial resistance in Australia & Antimicrobial resistance, which are released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.