Elective monarchy
Monarchy ruled by an elected ruler
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| 2025 | Upcoming papal conclave after Pope Francis will be the most numerous in Roman Catholic Church history, with 139 cardinal electors, though 14 will lose voting rights upon turning 80. |
| April 21 2025 | Death of Pope Francis, triggering the upcoming papal conclave to elect his successor. |
| 2015 | Muhammad bin Nayef became the first non-son of King Abdulaziz to attain the position of Crown Prince in Saudi Arabia. |
| 2015 | Muhammad bin Nayef became the first Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia not descended from King Abdulaziz. |
| 2013 | The Ngöbe people elected Pedro Palacios as their new cacique (traditional leader) after the death of the previous cacique. |
| 2013 | The Succession to the Crown Act replaced male-preference primogeniture with absolute primogeniture and ended disqualification of persons marrying Roman Catholics from royal succession. |
| 2013 | Normas nonnullas document introduced the most recent updates to papal election procedures. |
| 2013 | Pope Benedict XVI made additional amendments to conclave procedures. |
| 2013 | Vatican publicly disclosed the specific chemicals used to create black and white smoke during the conclave. |
| 2013 | Pope Francis deviated from traditional papal appearance customs by dispensing with the red mozzetta, rochet, and gold pectoral cross, wearing only a white cassock and his own pectoral cross. |
| 2013 | During this conclave, the master of papal liturgical celebrations Guido Marini deviated from traditional practice by standing in front of the altar and using a microphone to order outsiders to leave, then closing the chapel doors, instead of standing directly at the door. |
| March 2013 | Pope Francis was elected through a papal conclave following the established conclave rules, which included selecting nine cardinals for specific roles in the voting process and conducting multiple scrutinies. |
| February 28 2013 | Pope Benedict XVI resigned, breaking the 600-year gap since the last papal resignation and becoming the first pope to resign in the modern era. |
| February 22 2013 | Pope Francis made Archbishop Lorenzo Baldisseri a cardinal at his first consistory, following the tradition of bestowing his cardinal's skull cap at the previous conclave. |
This contents of the box above is based on material from the Wikipedia articles Elective monarchy & Papal conclave, which are released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.